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Leaf senescence is a genetically regulated, highly complex and ordered process. Although it has been extensively studied, the mechanism of leaf senescence is not well understood. In this study, we isolated a rice mutant, designated as premature senescence leaf ( psl ), which exhibits early senescence and spontaneous lesion mimic phenotype after flowering. The  psl  mutant displays programmed cell death with elevated accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Molecular and genetic analyses revealed that the phenotypes were caused by a phenylalanine deletion in the  OsPSL  (LOC_Os12g42420) that encode a putative core 2/I branching beta-1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyl transferase predicted to be involved in protein glycosylation modification.  OsPSL  mRNA levels increased as senescence progressed, with maximum accumulation of transcripts at late senescence stages in WT plants. Moreover, remarkedly down-regulated transcriptional levels of O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) transferases (OGTs) genes were observed in  psl  mutant, supporting the occurrence of impaired O-glycosylation modification. Proteomic analysis showed that ethylene-related metabolic enzymes including S-adenosyl methionine (SAM) synthetase (SAMS) were significantly upregulated in the  psl  mutant compared with WT. Consistent with the proteomic results, ethylene concentration is higher in  psl  mutant than in wild-type plants, and transcript levels of ethylene synthesis and signal transduction genes were induced in  psl  mutant. The early leaf senescence of  psl  can be partially rescued by ethylene biosynthesis inhibitor aminoethoxyvinylglycine treatment. These results highlight the importance of protein O-glycosylation in PCD and leaf senescence, and suggest a possible role of OsPSL in ethylene signaling.   Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (10.1186/s12284-019-0266-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Mutation in a putative glycosyltransferase-like gene causes programmed cell death and early leaf senescence in rice