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Background  Aerobic rice fields are frequently infested by pathogenic oomycetes ( Pythium  spp.) and the rice root-knot nematode  Meloidogyne graminicola . Here, the interaction between  Pythium arrhenomanes  and  Meloidogyne graminicola  was studied in rice roots of two aerobic rice varieties. In different experimental set-ups and infection regimes, plant growth, rice yield,  Pythium  colonization, as well as establishment, development and reproduction of  M. graminicola  were studied.    Results  In this study, it is shown that the presence of  P. arrhenomanes  delays the establishment, development and reproduction of  M. graminicola  compared to single nematode infected plants. The delay in establishment and development of  M. graminicola  becomes stronger with higher  P. arrhenomanes  infection pressure.    Conclusions  Our data indicate that  P. arrhenomanes  antagonizes  M. graminicola  in the rice root and that the plant benefits from this antagonism as shown by the yield data, especially when either of the pathogens is present in high levels.    Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12284-016-0108-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Interactions between the oomycete Pythium arrhenomanes and the rice root-knot nematode Meloidogyne graminicola in aerobic Asian rice varieties