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The surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect endows gold nanoparticles (GNPs) with the ability to visualize biomolecules. In the present study, we designed and constructed a GNP probe to allow the semi-quantitative analysis of methylated tumor suppressor genes in cultured cells. To construct the probe, the GNP surfaces were coated with single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) by forming Au–S bonds. The ssDNA contains a thiolated 5′-end, a regulatory domain of 12 adenine nucleotides, and a functional domain with absolute pairing with methylated  p16  sequence (Met- p16 ). The probe, paired with Met- p16 , clearly changed the color of aggregating GNPs probe in 5 mol/L NaCl solution. Utilizing the probe,  p16  gene methylation in HCT116 cells was semi-quantified. Further, the methylation of  E-cadherin ,  p15 , and  p16  gene in Caco2, HepG2, and HCT116 cell lines were detected by the corresponding probes, constructed with three domains. This simple and cost-effective method was useful for the diagnosis of DNA methylation-related diseases.   Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s11671-016-1487-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Utilizing Gold Nanoparticle Probes to Visually Detect DNA Methylation