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Background  The amplicon on 8p11.2 is reported to be found in up to 10% of breast carcinomas. It has been demonstrated recently that this amplicon has four separate cores. The second core encompasses important oncogene candidates, including the fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 ( FGFR1 ) gene. Recent studies have demonstrated that specific  FGFR1  amplification correlates with gene expression and that FGFR1 activity is required for the survival of a  FGFR1  amplified breast cancer cell line.    Methods   FGFR1  amplification was analysed in tissue microarrays comprising a cohort of 880 unselected breast tumours by means of chromogenic  in situ  hybridisation using inhouse-generated  FGFR1 -specific probes. Chromogenic  in situ  hybridisation signals were counted in a minimum 30 morphologically unequivocal neoplastic cells. Amplification was defined as >5 signals per nucleus in more than 50% of cancer cells or when large gene copy clusters were seen.    Results   FGFR1  amplification was observed in 8.7% of the tumours and was significantly more prevalent in patients >50 years of age and in tumours that lacked HER2 expression. No association was found with other histological parameters. Survival analysis revealed  FGFR1  amplification as an independent prognostic factor for overall survival in the whole cohort. Subgroup analysis demonstrated that the independent prognostic impact of  FGFR1  amplification was only seen in patients with oestrogen-receptor-positive tumours, where  FGFR1  amplification was the strongest independent predictor of poor outcome.    Conclusion  Given that up to 8.7% of all breast cancers harbour  FGFR1  amplification and that this amplification is an independent predictor of overall survival, further studies analysing the  FGFR1  as a potential therapeutic target for breast cancer patients are warranted.

FGFR1 amplification in breast carcinomas: a chromogenic in situhybridisation analysis