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Introduction   HLA-B27  genotyping is commonly used to support a diagnosis of ankylosing spondylitis (AS). A recent study has suggested that  HLA-B27  may adversely affect longevity. The objectives of this study were to determine, for the first time, the prevalence of  HLA-B27  in the New Zealand population, and to test whether  HLA-B27  prevalence declines with age.    Methods  117 Caucasian controls, 111 New Zealand Māori controls, and 176 AS patients were directly genotyped for  HLA-B27  using PCR-SSP. These participants and a further 1103 Caucasian controls were genotyped for the  HLA-B27  tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs4349859 and rs116488202. All AS patients testing positive for  HLA-B27  of New Zealand Māori ancestry underwent high resolution typing to determine sub-allele status.    Results   HLA-B27  prevalence was 9.2% in New Zealand Caucasian controls and 6.5% in Māori controls. No decline in  HLA-B27  prevalence with age was detected in Caucasian controls (p = 0.92). Concordance between  HLA-B27  and SNP genotypes was 98.7-99.3% in Caucasians and 76.9-86% in Māori. Of the 14 AS patients of Māori ancestry, 1 was negative for  HLA-B27 , 10 were positive for  HLAB*2705 , and 3 positive for  HLAB*2704 . All cases of genotype discordance were explained by the presence of  HLAB*2704 .    Conclusions   HLA-B27  prevalence in New Zealand Caucasians is consistent with that of Northern European populations and did not decline with increasing age. In Māori with AS who were  HLA-B27  positive, 76.9% were positive for  HLA-B*2705 , suggesting that genetic susceptibility to AS in Māori is primarily due to admixture with Caucasians.

Prevalence of HLA-B27 in the New Zealand population: effect of age and ethnicity