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The quality of T cell responses differs dramatically during infancy and has been implicated in the susceptibility to infections, but the underlying cellular pathways are not well known. Here, we determined the effector phenotype of T cells in adenoids of 103 children with adenoid hypertrophy that underwent adenoidectomy. We compared children with sole upper airway obstruction with those suffering from concomitant otitis media with effusion or recurrent infections of the upper airways. Multifunctionality of T cells was determined as co-production of IFNγ, IL2, IL17 and TNFα using flow cytometry. Boolean gating was performed in FlowJo and analyzed using SPICE software. Statistical analysis was done by one-way-ANOVA.

The accumulation of multifunctional T cells in hypertrophied adenoids is dependent on age and related to clinical manifestation