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Soil bacterial composition, as influenced by biological soil disinfestation (BSD) associated with biomass incorporation was investigated to observe the effects of the treatment on the changes and recovery of the microbial community in a commercial greenhouse setting. Chloropicrin (CP) was also used for soil disinfestation to compare with the effects of BSD. The fusarium wilt disease incidence of spinach cultivated in the BSD- and CP-treated plots was reduced as compared with that in the untreated control plots, showing effectiveness of both methods to suppress the disease. The clone library analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that members of the  Firmicutes  became dominant in the soil bacterial community after the BSD-treatment. Clone groups related to the species in the class  Clostridia , such as  Clostridium saccharobutylicum ,  Clostridium tetanomorphum ,  Clostridium cylindrosporum ,  Oxobacter pfennigii , etc., as well as  Bacillus niacini  in the class  Bacilli  were recognized as the most dominant members in the community. For the CP-treated soil, clones affiliated with the  Bacilli  related to acid-tolerant or thermophilic bacteria such as  Tuberibacillus calidus ,  Sporolactobacillus laevolacticus ,  Pullulanibacillus naganoensis ,  Alicyclobacillus pomorum , etc. were detected as the major groups. The clone library analysis for the soil samples collected after spinach cultivation revealed that most of bacterial groups present in the original soil belonging to the phyla  Proteobacteria ,  Acidobacteria ,  Bacteroidetes ,  Gemmatimonadetes ,  Planctomycetes , TM7, etc. were recovered in the BSD-treated soil. For the CP-treated soil, the recovery of the bacterial groups belonging to the above phyla was also noted, but some major clone groups recognized in the original soil did not recover fully.

Changes and recovery of soil bacterial communities influenced by biological soil disinfestation as compared with chloropicrin-treatment