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Background  Inhibitors of apoptosis (IAPs) were intensively investigated in the context of cancer where they promote tumor growth and chemoresistence. Overexpression of the IAP  BIRC6  is associated with unfavorable clinical features and negatively impacts relapse-free survival in childhood acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Currently,  BIRC6  levels in adult primary AML have not been compared to the expression in normal myeloid cells. Thus, we compared for the first time  BIRC6  levels in adult primary AML patient samples to normal myeloid cells and studied its regulation and function during neutrophil differentiation.    Findings  We found significantly lower  BIRC6  levels in particular AML subtypes as compared to granulocytes from healthy donors. The lowest BIRC6 expression was found in CD34 +  progenitor cells. Moreover,  BIRC6  expression significantly increased during neutrophil differentiation of AML cell lines and knocking down  BIRC6  in NB4 acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) cells significantly impaired neutrophil differentiation, but not cell viability.    Conclusion  Together, we found an association of low  BIRC6  levels with an immature myeloid phenotype and describe a function for  BIRC6  in neutrophil differentiation of APL cells.

BIRC6 (APOLLON) is down-regulated in acute myeloid leukemia and its knockdown attenuates neutrophil differentiation