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Background  Hamburger is the most consumed beef product in North America, but lacks in nutritional appeal due to its high fat content and high proportion of saturated fatty acids (SFA). Objectives of the present study were to improve the FA profiles of hamburgers made with perirenal fat (PRF) and subcutaneous fat (SCF) when feeding steers different diets along with examining differences in sensory attributes and oxidative stability. Diets included a control diet containing 70:30 red clover silage: barley based concentrate, a diet containing sunflower-seed (SS) substituted for barley, and diets containing SS with 15% wheat dried distillers’ grain with solubles (DDGS-15) or 30% DDGS (DDGS-30). Hamburgers were made from  triceps brachii  and either PRF or SCF (80:20 w/w).    Results  Perirenal fat versus SCF hamburgers FA had 14.3% more ( P  <0.05) 18:0, 11.8% less  cis  ( c) 9-18:1 ( P  <0.05), and 1.82% more total  trans  ( t )-18:1 mainly in the form of  t 11-18:1. During sensory evaluation, PRF versus SCF hamburgers had greater ( P  <0.05) mouth coating, but the difference was less than one panel unit. Examining effects of steer diet within PRF hamburgers, feeding the SS compared to the control diet increased ( P  <0.05)  t -18:1 by 2.89% mainly in the form of  t 11-18:1, feeding DGGS-15 diet led to no further changes ( P  >0.05), but feeding DDGS-30 diet reduced the proportions of ( P  <0.05) of  t -18:1 chiefly  t 11-18:1. Feeding SS and DDGS diets had small but significant ( P  <0.05) effects on hamburger sensory attributes and oxidative stability.    Conclusions  Feeding high-forage diets including SS and 15% DDGS, and taking advantage of the FA heterogeneity between fat depots offers an opportunity to differentially enhance beef hamburgers with 18:2 n -6 biohydrogenation products ( i.e., t 11-18:1) with potential human health benefits without compromising their sensory attributes and oxidative stability during retail display.

Improving beef hamburger quality and fatty acid profiles through dietary manipulation and exploitation of fat depot heterogeneity