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Background  Clinically important Gram-positive and -negative isolates were collected from patients in France between 2004 and 2012 as a part of the Tigecycline Evaluation and Surveillance Trial.    Methods  MICs were determined using methodology described by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute.    Results  In total, 17,135 isolates were contributed by 29 medical centres; respiratory (25.1%) and cardiovascular (20.3%) sources predominated. High susceptibility was observed among  Enterococcus  spp. and  Staphylococcus aureus  (including methicillin-resistant  S. aureus  [MRSA]) to linezolid (100%), tigecycline (≥99.8%) and vancomycin (≥94.6%). The percentage of MRSA decreased from 34.3% in 2004 to 20.0% in 2009 before increasing to 34.7% in 2012. Vancomycin, linezolid, levofloxacin and carbapenems were highly active (≥99.6%) against  Streptococcus pneumoniae ; 3.2% were PRSP.  Escherichia coli  showed peak susceptibility to the carbapenems (≥99.9%), tigecycline (99.3%) and amikacin (97.9%); significant (p < 0.01) decreases in susceptibility were observed for ampicillin, cefepime and ceftriaxone between 2004 and 2012. ESBL production among  E. coli  increased from 3.0% (2004) to 14.9% (2012). High susceptibility was noted among  Haemophilus influenzae  to levofloxacin (100%), amoxicillin-clavulanate (99.2%), carbapenems (≥98.7%) and ceftriaxone (98.5%); β-lactamase production fluctuated with no notable trend between 18.1% (2007) and 27.7% (2011).  Klebsiella  spp. were highly susceptible to carbapenems (≥99.6%) and amikacin (≥96.4%); significant (p < 0.01) decreases in amoxicillin-clavulanate, cefepime, ceftriaxone, levofloxacin, piperacillin-tazobactam and tigecycline susceptibility were observed among  K. pneumoniae  between 2004 and 2012. Only imipenem was highly active (96.5% susceptible) against  Acinetobacter baumannii . Imipenem and amikacin (87.7% and 87.1% susceptible) were the most active agents against  P. aeruginosa ; 10.2% of isolates were categorized as multidrug resistant.    Conclusions  Carbapenems, linezolid, tigecycline and vancomycin conserved good in vitro activity against most pathogens (according to their spectrum of activity) in France between 2004 and 2012.    Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/2047-2994-3-36) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

antimicrobial resistance and infection control

A longitudinal assessment of antimicrobial susceptibility among important pathogens collected as part of the Tigecycline Evaluation and Surveillance Trial (T.E.S.T.) in France between 2004 and 2012