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Background  Dried roots of  Sophora flavescens  Aiton contain many phytochemicals that exhibit beneficial effects on human health. This study examined and compared the karyological, morphological and phytochemical characteristics of three  S. flavescens  populations collected from the Danda, Hualien and Yuli of Taiwan and a population collected from Gansu, China.    Results  Karyotypes of the four populations were similar, with a diploid number of 2n = 18. The Hualien population produced more roots but with less matrine and oxymatrine contents in its root tissue than others. However, only the root of Danda population had a measurable level of naringenin. The dried root of Yuli population had greater ferric reducing antioxidant power and trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity than that of the other populations.    Conclusions  Thus, the collected  S. flavescens  populations, particularly the population collected from Danda, have the potential to be used in breeding programs.    Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1999-3110-55-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

botanical studies

Karyological, morphological and phytochemical characteristics of medicinal plants Sophora flavescens Aiton grown from seeds collected at different localities