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Background  Systematic acquired resistance (SAR) is an effective broad-spectrum defense mechanism that confers long-lasting protection against biotrophic pathogens trough defense related salicylic acid (SA) signaling. Gene(s) involved in SAR have been extensively studied in dicot plants; however, remains largely unresolved in monocot plants.  NPR1 , an evolutionary conserved gene, plays a central role in SAR, and  PR-1  is widely used as a marker for effective SA signaling.    Results  We identified  NPR1  and  PR-1  homologous genes,  PhaNPR1  and  PhaPR1 , from an economically important orchid,  Phalaenopsis aphrodite , and characterized their roles in SA signaling and  Cymbidium mosaic virus  (CymMV) resistance. A phylogenetic analysis of NPR1 homologs showed that these genes appear to have evolved before angiospermy. Similar to  Arabidopsis NPR1 ,  PhaNPR1  was only moderately induced upon SA treatment and CymMV infection. Although  PhaPR1  shows only 36% identity with  AtPR1 , its promoter shared conserved elements with those of other  PR-1  genes, and it was induced upon SA treatment and CymMV infection. After CymMV infection, silencing on  PhaNPR1  also reduced  PhaPR1  expression; however, CymMV accumulation was not affected.    Conclusions  In conclusion, after virus infection,  PhaNPR1  is required for  PhaPR1  induction, but plays little role in defense against CymMV.    Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1999-3110-54-31) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

The NPR1 ortholog PhaNPR1 is required for the induction of PhaPR1 in Phalaenopsis aphrodite