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Streptococcus bovis  ( S. bovis ) bacteria are associated with colorectal cancer and adenoma.  S. bovis  is currently named  S. gallolyticus . 25 to 80% of patients with  S. bovis/gallolyticus  bacteremia have concomitant colorectal tumors. Colonic neoplasia may arise years after the presentation of bacteremia or infectious endocarditis of  S. bovis/gallolyticus . The presence of  S. bovis/gallolyticus  bacteremia and/or endocarditis is also related to the presence of villous or tubular-villous adenomas in the large intestine. In addition, serological relationship of  S. gallolyticus  with colorectal tumors and direct colonization of  S. gallolyticus  in tissues of colorectal tumors were found. However, this association is still under controversy and has long been underestimated. Moreover, the etiological versus non-etiological nature of this associationis not settled yet. Therefore, by covering the most of up to date studies, this review attempts to clarify the nature and the core of  S. bovis/gallolyicus  association with colorectal tumors and analyze the possible underlying mechanisms.

The association of Streptococcus bovis/gallolyticus with colorectal tumors: The nature and the underlying mechanisms of its etiological role