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Background  Recent studies have shown that the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling pathway is important regulator of many cellular events, including apoptosis, proliferation and motility. PI3K pathway alterations ( PIK3CA  gene mutations and/or amplification) have been observed in various human tumours. In the majority of diagnosed cases, mutations are localized in one of the three "hot spots" in the gene, responsible for coding catalytic subunit α of class I PI3K ( PIK3CA ). Mutations and amplification of  PIK3CA  gene are characteristic for thyroid cancer, as well.    Methods  The aim of our study was to examine a gene expression level of  PIK3CA  in fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) thyroid specimens in two types of thyroid lesions, papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and non-toxic goitre (NTG). Following conventional cytological examination, 42 thyroid FNAB specimens, received from patients with PTC (n = 20) and NTG (n = 22), were quantitatively evaluated regarding  PIK3CA  expression level by real-time PCR in the ABI PRISM ®  7500 Sequence Detection System.    Results  Significantly higher expression level (RQ) of  PIK3CA  in PTC group has been noted in comparison with NTG group (p < 0.05).    Conclusion  These observations may suggest role of  PIK3CA  alterations in PTC carcinogenesis.

thyroid research

Relative quantification of PIK3CA gene expression level in fine-needle aspiration biopsy thyroid specimens collected from patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma and non-toxic goitre by real-time RT-PCR