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This paper summarizes prevalence of  Toxoplasma gondii  in humans and animals and associated correlates of infection, clinical spectrum of disease in humans, and genetic diversity of  T. gondii  isolates from Colombia. Recent studies, especially in the states of Antioquia, Quindío and Cundinamarca, indicate that toxoplasmosis is a major public health problem. Approximately half of the women of child bearing age have  T. gondii  antibodies, and the clinical disease in congenitally infected children is more severe than in Europe. Limited studies indicate that the strains of  T. gondii  from Colombia are genetically and phenotypically different than in Europe and North America. However, epidemiological factors, such as the involvement of domestic and/or wild animals in transmission, the distribution of strain diversity by natural geographic regions, and the variation in risk factors between regions that are associated with human infection in Colombia, remain unknown. Areas of research for the future are outlined. This review should be of interest to biologists, veterinarians, physicians, and parasitologists.

An overview of seventy years of research (1944 – 2014) on toxoplasmosis in Colombia, South America