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Background   Anopheles barbirostris  is a vector of malaria in Sri Lanka. The taxon exists as a species complex in the Southeast Asian region. Previous studies using molecular markers suggest that there are more than 4 distinct clades within the  An. barbirostris  complex in Southeast Asia. The present study characterizes Sri Lankan  An. barbirostris  using mtDNA cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) and ribosomal RNA internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) gene sequences.    Findings  DNA was extracted from morphologically identified  An. barbirostris  specimens from Sri Lanka, the COI and ITS2 regions amplified and their sequences analysed by comparison with other GenBank entries. Maximum likelihood trees suggested that Sri Lankan  An. barbirostris  constitute a different molecular type most closely related to clade I.    Conclusions  Considering the uncorrected p distances between the clade I and Sri Lankan specimens it is fair to assume that the specimens collected from widely separated locations in Sri Lanka with morphology characteristic of  An. barbirostris s.l . form a new molecular type with close resemblance to  An. barbirostris s.s  from Indonesia and Thailand.

Molecular characterization of the malaria vector Anopheles barbirostris van der Wulp in Sri Lanka