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Background   Trichinella spiralis  expresses paramyosin ( Ts -Pmy) not only as a structural protein but also as an immunomodulator that inhibits host complement as a survival strategy. Previous studies demonstrated that  Ts -Pmy bound to complement components C8 and C9 and inhibited the polymerization of C9 during the formation of the membrane attack complex (MAC). The C9 binding domain of  Ts -Pmy was identified within 14 amino acid residues at the C-terminus of  Ts -Pmy. The production of a monoclonal antibody that specifically targets the C9 binding site is necessary for further studies of  Ts -Pmy function and may be used as a therapeutic agent for  T. spiralis  infection.    Methods  In this study, a monoclonal antibody against the complement C9 binding domain of  Ts -Pmy (mAb 9G3) was produced using hybridoma technology. The binding activity of the mAb produced for recombinant or native  Ts -Pmy and the blockade of  Ts -Pmy binding to C9 by the mAb were assessed by Western blot analysis. The effect of the mAb on the viability of  T. spiralis  was observed by co-incubation of  T. spiralis  with mAb 9G3 in the presence of complement  in vitro  and by passive transfer of the mAb into naive mice following  T. spiralis  larval challenge.    Results  mAb 9G3 was successfully produced against the C9 binding domain of  Ts -Pmy and bound specifically not only to recombinant  Ts -Pmy but also to native  Ts -Pmy expressed in different stages of  T. spiralis , including adult worms, newborn larvae and muscle larvae. The binding of mAb 9G3 to  Ts -Pmy efficiently blocked the binding of  Ts -Pmy to human complement C9, resulting in a significant increase in the complement-mediated killing of newborn larvae  in vitro  and reduced infectivity of  T. spiralis  larvae in mice passively transferred with the mAb.    Conclusions  mAb 9G3 is a specific antibody that binds to the C9 binding domain of  Ts -Pmy and interferes with  Ts -Pmy’s complement-binding activity. Therefore, this mAb is a protective antibody that has potential as a preventive and therapeutic agent for  T. spiralis  infection.

parasites and vectors

Monoclonal antibody targeting complement C9 binding domain of Trichinella spiralis paramyosin impairs the viability of Trichinella infective larvae in the presence of complement