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Background  Canine leishmaniosis (CanL) due to  Leishmania infantum  is a global zoonosis endemic in more than 70 countries in Europe, North Africa, Asia and America; however, data on this infection is scarce from southern Africa. The aim of this study was to survey dogs in Luanda, Angola, for  Leishmania  infection.    Findings  One hundred-and-three dogs presented to a veterinary medical centre in Luanda were serologically and molecularly assessed for  Leishmania  with the direct agglutination test (DAT) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Two dogs were seropositive, with DAT titres of 800 and ≥6400; the latter was also found to be PCR-positive and confirmed to be infected with  L. infantum  by DNA sequence analysis. No other dog was found to be PCR-positive. The first dog had been imported from Portugal, but the latter had never left Angola (neither had its parents), strongly suggesting an autochthonous infection.    Conclusions  Although other cases of CanL have previously been described in the country, this is the first reported study of canine  Leishmania  infection at the population level, as well as the first report on the molecular characterization of  L. infantum  in dogs from Angola.

Serological and molecular survey of Leishmania infection in dogs from Luanda, Angola