English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Background  Sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) are the vectors of  Leishmania  parasites, the causative agents of leishmaniasis. Cutaneous leishmaniasis is an increasing public health problem in the Republic of Suriname and is mainly caused by  Leishmania (Vianna) guyanensis , but  L. (V.) braziliensis ,  L. (L.) amazonensis , and  L. (V.) naiffi  also infect humans. Transmission occurs predominantly in the forested hinterland of the country. Information regarding the potential vectors of leishmaniasis in Suriname is limited. This study aims to broaden the knowledge about vectors involved in the transmission of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Suriname. For this purpose, sand flies were characterized in various foci of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the country, the districts of Para, Brokopondo, and Sipaliwini.    Methods  Sand flies were collected in areas around mining plots and villages using CDC light traps in the period between February 2011 and March 2013. They were categorized by examination of the spermathecea (females) and the external genitalia (males).    Results  A total of 2,743 sand fly specimens belonging to 34 different species were captured, including four species ( Lutzomyia aragaoi ,  Lu. ayrozai ,  Lu. damascenoi , and  Lu. sordellii ) that had never before been described for Suriname. Five percent of the catch comprised  Lu. squamiventris sensu lato , one female of which was positive with  L. (V.) braziliensis  and was captured in a gold mining area in Brokopondo. Other sand fly species found positive for  Leishmania  parasites were  Lu. trichopyga ,  Lu. ininii , and  Lu. umbratilis , comprising 32, 8, and 4%, respectively, of the catch. These were captured at gold mining areas in Brokopondo and Sipaliwini, but the  Leishmania  parasites they had ingested could not be identified due to insufficient amounts of DNA.    Conclusions  The sand fly fauna in Suriname is highly diverse and comprises  Lutzomyia  species capable of transmitting  Leishmania  parasites. Four new  Lutzomyia  species have been found, and four species -  Lu. squamiventris (s.l.) ,  Lu. trichopyga ,  Lu. ininii , and  Lu. umbratilis  - have been found to harbor  Leishmania  parasites. The latter were among the most abundant species captured. These observations may contribute to the understanding of leishmaniasis transmission and the development of control programs in Suriname.

Studies on the sand fly fauna (Diptera: Psychodidae) in high-transmission areas of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the Republic of Suriname