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Background   Rhipicephalus  ( Boophilus )  microplus  is an economically important tick of cattle involved in the transmission of  Babesia bovis , the etiological agent of bovine babesiosis. Commercial anti-tick vaccines based on the  R. microplus  Bm86 glycoprotein have shown some effect in controlling tick infestation; however their efficacy as a stand-alone solution for tick control has been questioned. Understanding the role of the  Bm86  gene product in tick biology is critical to identifying additional methods to utilize Bm86 to reduce  R. microplus  infestation and babesia transmission. Additionally, the role played by  Bm86  in  R. microplus  fitness during  B. bovis  infection is unknown.    Results  Here we describe in two independent experiments that RNA interference-mediated silencing of  Bm86  decreased the fitness of  R. microplus  females fed on cattle during acute  B. bovis  infection. Notably,  Bm86  silencing decreased the number and survival of engorged females, and decreased the weight of egg masses. However, gene silencing had no significant effect on the efficiency of transovarial transmission of  B. bovis  from surviving female ticks to their larval offspring. The results also show that  Bm86  is expressed, in addition to gut cells, in larvae, nymphs, adult males and ovaries of partially engorged adult  R. microplus  females, and its expression was significantly down-regulated in ovaries of ticks fed on  B. bovis -infected cattle.    Conclusion  The  R. microplus   Bm86  gene plays a critical role during tick feeding and after repletion during blood digestion in ticks fed on cattle during acute  B. bovis  infection. Therefore, the data indirectly support the rationale for using Bm86-based vaccines, perhaps in combination with acaricides, to control tick infestation particularly in  B. bovis  endemic areas.

The Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus Bm86 gene plays a critical role in the fitness of ticks fed on cattle during acute Babesia bovis infection