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Background  The aim of this study is determine the relative sensitivity of a panel of seven polyhydroxyalkanoate producing bacteria to a panel of seven lignocellulosic-derived fermentation inhibitors representing aliphatic acids, furans and phenolics. A further aim was to measure the polyhydroxybutyrate production of select organisms on lignocellulosic-derived monosaccharides arabinose, xylose, glucose and mannose.    Findings  We examined the sensitivity of seven polyhydroxyalkanoate producing bacteria:  Azohydromonas lata ,  Bacillus megaterium ,  Bacillus cereus ,  Burkholderia cepacia ,  Pseudomonas olevorans ,  Pseudomonas pseudoflava  and  Ralstonia eutropha , against seven fermentation inhibitors produced by the saccharification of lignocellulose: acetic acid, levulinic acid, coumaric acid, ferulic acid, syringaldehyde, furfural, and hyroxymethyfurfural. There was significant variation in the sensitivity of these microbes to representative phenolics ranging from 0.25-1.5 g/L coumaric and ferulic acid and between 0.5-6.0 g/L syringaldehyde. Inhibition ranged from 0.37-4 g/L and 0.75-6 g/L with acetic acid and levulinic acid, respectively.  B .  cepacia  and  P .  pseudoflava  were selected for further analysis of polyhydroxyalkanoate production.    Conclusions  We find significant differences in sensitivity to the fermentation inhibitors tested and find these variations to be over a relevant concentration range given the concentrations of inhibitors typically found in lignocellulosic hydrolysates. Of the seven bacteria tested,  B .  cepacia  demonstrated the greatest inhibitor tolerance. Similarly, of two organisms examined for polyhydroxybutyrate production,  B .  cepacia  was notably more efficient when fermenting pentose substrates.

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Differential sensitivity of polyhydroxyalkanoate producing bacteria to fermentation inhibitors and comparison of polyhydroxybutyrate production from Burkholderia cepacia and Pseudomonas pseudoflava