English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Background  Postnatal regulation of the small intestinal mucus layer is potentially important in the development of adult gut functionality. We hypothesized that the nature of bacterial colonization affects mucus gene regulation in early life.  We thus analyzed the influence of the presence of a conventional microbiota as well as two selected monocolonizing bacterial strains on the transcription of murine genes involved in mucus layer development during the first week of life.  Mouse pups (N = 8/group) from differently colonized dams: Germ-free (GF), conventional specific pathogen free (SPF), monocolonized with either  Lactobacillus acidophilus  NCFM ( Lb ) or  Escherichia coli  Nissle ( Ec ) were analyzed by qPCR on isolated ileal tissue sections from postnatal days 1 and 6 (PND1, PND6) after birth with respect to: (i) transcription of specific genes involved in mucus production ( Muc1 - 4 ,  Tff3 ) and (ii) amounts of 16S rRNA of  Lactobacillus  and  E. coli . Quantification of 16S rRNA genes was performed to obtain a measure for amounts of colonized bacteria.    Results  We found a microbiota-independent transcriptional increase of all five mucus genes from PND1 to PND6. Furthermore, the relative level of transcription of certain mucus genes on PND1 was increased by the presence of bacteria. This was observed for  Tff3  in the SPF,  Ec,  and  Lb  groups; for  Muc2  in SPF; and for  Muc3  and  Muc4  in  Ec  and  Lb , respectively.  Detection of bacterial 16S rRNA genes levels above the qPCR detection level occurred only on PND6 and only for some of the colonized animals. On PND6, we found significantly lower levels of  Muc1 ,  Muc2  and  Muc4  gene transcription for  Lb  animals with detectable  Lactobacillus  levels as compared to animals with  Lactobacillus  levels below the detection limit.    Conclusions  In summary, our data show that development of the expression of genes encoding secreted ( Muc2 / Tff3 ) and membrane-bound ( Muc1 / Muc3 / Muc4 ) mucus regulatory proteins, respectively, is distinct and that the onset of this development may be accelerated by specific groups of bacteria present or absent at the mucosal site.

Nature of bacterial colonization influences transcription of mucin genes in mice during the first week of life