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Background   Urochloa humidicola  is a forage grass that grows in tropical regions and is recognized for its tolerance to seasonal flooding. It is a polyploid and apomictic species with high phenotypic plasticity. As molecular tools are important in facilitating the development of new cultivars and in the classification of related species, the objectives of this study were to develop new polymorphic microsatellite markers from an enriched library constructed from  U. humidicola  and to evaluate their transferability to other  Urochloa  species.    Findings  Microsatellite sequences were identified from a previously constructed enriched library, and specific primers were designed for 40 loci. Isolated di-nucleotide repeat motifs were the most abundant followed by tetra-nucleotide repeats. Of the tested loci, 38 displayed polymorphism when screened across 34 polyploid  Urochloa  sp. genotypes, including 20 accessions and six hybrids of  U. humidicola  and two accessions each from  U. brizantha ,  U. dictyoneura ,  U. decumbens  and  U. ruziziensis . The number of bands per Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) locus ranged from one to 29 with a mean of 11.5 bands per locus. The mean Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) of all loci was 0.7136, and the mean Discrimination Power (DP) was 0.7873. Six loci amplified in all species tested. STRUCTURE analysis revealed six different allelic pools, and the genetic similarity values analyzed using Jaccard's coefficient ranged from 0.000 to 0.913.    Conclusions  This work reports new polymorphic microsatellite markers that will be useful for breeding programs for  Urochloa humidicola  and other  Urochloa  species as well as for genetic map development, germplasm characterization, evolutionary and taxonomic studies and marker-assisted trait selection.

New microsatellite markers developed from Urochloa humidicola (Poaceae) and cross amplification in different Urochloa species