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Background   Staphylococcus aureus  and Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are a major source of infections associated with indwelling medical devices. Many antiseptic agents are used in hygienic handwash to prevent nosocomial infections by Staphylococci. Our aim was to determine the antibiotic susceptibility and resistance to quaternary ammonium compound of 46  S. aureus  strains and 71 CoNS.    Methods   S. aureus  (n = 46) isolated from auricular infection and CoNS (n = 71), 22 of the strains isolated from dialysis fluids and 49 of the strains isolated from needles cultures were investigated. Erythromycin resistance genes ( erm A,  erm B,  erm C,  msr A and  mef ) were analysed by multiplex PCR and disinfectant-resistant genes ( qac A,  qac B, and  qac C) were studied by PCR-RFLP.    Results  The frequency of erythromycin resistance genes in  S. aureus  was:  erm A+ 7.7%,  erm B+ 13.7%,  erm C+ 6% and  msr A+ 10.2%. In addition, the number of positive isolates in CoNS was respectively  erm A+ (9.4%),  erm B+ (11.1%),  erm C+ (27.4%), and  msr A+ (41%). The MIC analyses revealed that 88 isolates (74%) were resistant to quaternary ammonium compound-based disinfectant benzalkonium chloride (BC). 56% of the BC-resistant staphylococcus isolates have at least one of the three resistant disinfectants genes ( qac A,  qac B and  qac C). Nine strains (7.7%) among the CoNS species and two  S. aureus  strains (2%) harboured the three- qac  genes. In addition, the  qac C were detected in 41 strains.    Conclusions  Multi-resistant strains towards macrolide and disinfectant were recorded. The investigation of antibiotics and antiseptic-resistant CoNS may provide crucial information on the control of nosocomial infections.

Detection of macrolide and disinfectant resistance genes in clinical Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci