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Background  To assess a pulmonary function change over time the mass flow sensor and the pneumotachograph are widely used in commercially available instruments. However, the smallest detectable change for both devices has never been compared. Therefore, the aim of this study is to determine the smallest detectable change in vital capacity (VC) and single-breath diffusion parameters measured by mass flow sensor and or pneumotachograph.    Method  In 28 healthy pulmonary function technicians VC, transfer factor for carbon monoxide (DLCO) and alveolar volume (VA) was repeatedly (10×) measured. The smallest detectable change was calculated by 1.96 x Standard Error of Measurement ×√2.    Findings  The mean (range) of the smallest detectable change measured by mass flow sensor and pneumotachograph respectively, were for VC (in Liter): 0.53 (0.46-0.65); 0.25 (0.17-0.36) ( p  = 0.04), DLCO (in mmol*kPa -1 *min -1 ): 1.53 (1.26-1.7); 1.18 (0.84-1.39) ( p  = 0.07), VA (in Liter): 0.66. (0.53-0.82); 0.43 (0.34-0.53) ( p  = 0.04) and DLCO/VA (in mmol*kPa -1 *min -1 *L -1 ): 0.22 (0.19-0.28); 0.19 (0.14-0.22) ( p  = 0.79).    Conclusions  Smallest detectable significant change in VC and VA as measured by pneumotachograph are smaller than by mass flow sensor. Therefore, the pneumotachograph is the preferred instrument to estimate lung volume change over time in individual patients.

Smallest detectable change in volume differs between mass flow sensor and pneumotachograph