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Background  Species identification and antifungal susceptibility tests were carried out on 212  Candida  isolates obtained from bloodstream infections, urinary tract infections and dialysis-associated peritonitis, from cases attended at a Brazilian public tertiary hospital from January 1998 to January 2005.    Findings   Candida albicans  represented 33% of the isolates,  Candida parapsilosis  31.1%,  Candida tropicalis  17.9%, Candida glabrata  11.8%, and others species 6.2%. In blood culture,  C. parapsilosis  was the most frequently encountered species (48%). The resistance levels to the antifungal azoles were relatively low for the several species, except for  C. tropicalis  and  C. glabrata . Amphotericin B resistance was observed in 1 isolate of  C. parapsilosis .    Conclusions  The species distribution and antifungal susceptibility herein observed presented several epidemiological features common to other tertiary hospitals in Latin American countries. It also exhibited some peculiarity, such as a very high frequency of  C. parapsilosis  both in bloodstream infections and dialysis-associated peritonitis.  C. albicans  also occurred in an important number of case infections, in all evaluated clinical sources.  C. glabrata  presented a high proportion of resistant isolates. The data emphasize the necessity to carry out the correct species identification accompanied by the susceptibility tests in all tertiary hospitals.

Species distribution and susceptibility profile of Candida species in a Brazilian public tertiary hospital