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The influence of enrofloxacin administration (5 mg/kg) for five consecutive days on the occurrence of  Pasteurella multocida  in the upper respiratory tract of two healthy calves was monitored over a 10-day period. From nasal swabs of two additional healthy control calves, which received a placebo saline administration,  P. multocida  was isolated throughout the study period. In the enrofloxacin treated calves,  P. multocida  was not demonstrated in the nasopharynx from 48 h after the first injection until two days after the last administration, when  P. multocida  reappeared and proved to be clonal in nature to the original isolates. During the experiment, no change in minimal inhibitory concentration for enrofloxacin of the  P. multocida  isolates was detected (MIC ≤ 0.015 μg/mL). Enrofloxacin concentrations were determined in the plasma by a high-performance liquid chromatography method with fluorescence detection. The PK/PD indices AUC/MIC and C max /MIC ratio were calculated and found to be 1157.7 and 129.8, respectively. Remarkably, the respiratory pathogen  Arcanobacterium pyogenes  became the predominant recovered organism in the nasopharynx of one animal following enrofloxacin therapy throughout the remaining of the experiment.

acta veterinaria scandinavica

Influence of systemic fluoroquinolone administration on the presence of Pasteurella multocida in the upper respiratory tract of clinically healthy calves