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A hippurate-negative biovariant of <it>Brachyspira pilosicoli </it>(<it>B. pilosicoli</it>hipp-) is occasionally isolated in diarrhoeic pigs in Finland, often concomitantly with hippurate-positive <it>B. pilosicoli </it>or <it>Lawsonia intracellularis</it>. We studied pathogenicity of <it>B. pilosicoli</it>hipp- with special attention paid to avoiding co-infection with other enteric pathogens. Pigs were weaned and moved to barrier facilities at the age of 11 days. At 46 days, 8 pigs were inoculated with <it>B. pilosicoli</it>hipp- strain Br1622, 8 pigs were inoculated with <it>B. pilosicoli </it>type strain P43/6/78 and 7 pigs were sham-inoculated. No signs of spirochaetal diarrhoea were detected; only one pig, inoculated with P43/6/78, had soft faeces from day 9 to 10 post inoculation. The pigs were necropsied between days 7 and 23 after inoculation. Live pigs were culture-negative for <it>Brachyspira </it>spp., but <it>B. pilosicoli</it>hipp- was reisolated from necropsy samples of two pigs. The lesions on large colons were minor and did not significantly differ between the three trial groups. In silver-stained sections, invasive spirochaetes were detected in colonic mucosae of several pigs in all groups. Fluorescent <it>in situ </it>hybridisation for genus <it>Brachyspira, B. pilosicoli </it>and strain Br1622 was negative. However, <it>in situ </it>detection for members of the genus <it>Leptospira </it>was positive for spirochaete-like bacteria in the colonic epithelium of several pigs in both infected groups as well as in the control group. <it>L. intracellularis, Salmonella </it>spp., <it>Yersinia </it>spp. and intestinal parasites were not detected. The failure of <it>B. pilosicoli </it>strains to cause diarrhoea is discussed with respect to infectivity of the challenge strains, absence of certain intestinal pathogens and feed and management factors.</p

acta veterinaria scandinavica

Neither Hippurate-negative <it>Brachyspira pilosicoli </it>nor <it>Brachyspira pilosicoli </it>Type Strain Caused Diarrhoea in Early-weaned Pigs by Experimental Infection

Neither Hippurate-negative Brachyspira pilosicoli nor Brachyspira pilosicoli Type Strain Caused Diarrhoea in Early-weaned Pigs by Experimental Infection