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Background  Single-nucleotide polymorphisms within  TP 53 gene (codon 72 exon 4, rs1042522, encoding either arginine or proline) and  MDM2  promoter (SNP309; rs2279744), have been independently associated with increased risk of several cancer types. Few studies have analysed the role of these polymorphisms in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma.    Methods  Genotype distribution of  TP 53 codon 72 and  MDM2  SNP309 in 61 viral hepatitis-related hepatocellular carcinoma cases and 122 blood samples (healthy controls) from Italian subjects were determined by PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP).    Results  Frequencies of  TP 53 codon 72 alleles were not significantly different between cases and controls. A significant increase of  MDM2  SNP309 G/G and T/G genotypes were observed among hepatocellular carcinoma cases (Odds Ratio, OR = 3.56, 95% Confidence Limits, 95% CI = 1.3-9.7; and OR = 2.82, 95% CI = 1.3-6.4, respectively).    Conclusions  These results highlight a significant role of  MDM2  SNP309 G allele as a susceptibility gene for the development of viral hepatitis-related hepatocellular carcinoma among Italian subjects.

TP 53 and MDM2 gene polymorphisms and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma among Italian patients