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Background  Radiotherapists are highly interested in optimizing doses especially for patients who tend to suffer from side effects of radiotherapy (RT). It seems to be helpful to identify radiosensitive individuals before RT.  Thus we examined aberrations in FISH painted chromosomes in  in vitro  irradiated blood samples of a group of patients suffering from breast cancer. In parallel, a follow-up of side effects in these patients was registered and compared to detected chromosome aberrations.    Methods  Blood samples (taken before radiotherapy) were irradiated  in vitro  with 3 Gy X-rays and analysed by FISH-painting to obtain aberration frequencies of first cycle metaphases for each patient. Aberration frequencies were analysed statistically to identify individuals with an elevated or reduced radiation response. Clinical data of patients have been recorded in parallel to gain knowledge on acute side effects of radiotherapy.    Results  Eight patients with a significantly elevated or reduced aberration yield were identified by use of a t-test criterion. A comparison with clinical side effects revealed that among patients with elevated aberration yields one exhibited a higher degree of acute toxicity and two patients a premature onset of skin reaction already after a cumulative dose of only 10 Gy. A significant relationship existed between translocations  in vitro  and the time dependent occurrence of side effects of the skin during the therapy period.    Conclusions  The results suggest that translocations can be used as a test to identify individuals with a potentially elevated radiosensitivity.

Chromosomal radiosensitivity and acute radiation side effects after radiotherapy in tumour patients - a follow-up study