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With the completion and the success of the unraveling of the human and some non- human genetic codes comes the optimism that science, once again, is at the threshold of transforming human existence in an unprecedented way. The sequencing of the human genome with the science and technology by which it occurs is seen as a potential gateway to man's final conquest of most of the health and health related disorders that have for long plagued the human race. While some developing nations like Cuba, Mexico and India have taken the initiative to be major players in the genomics arena by exploring its potentials towards enhancing improved quality of life for their citizens, the majority of others, especially in Africa, still occupy the spectators' seat. If this apparent lukewarm attitude continues, it implies that the present dependence on the developed nations as remote beneficiaries of gains of scientific breakthroughs will persist. It also means that the expectation that genomics should, among other benefits, re-dress the inequalities of access to health care between the rich and poor nations may be a mirage for a long time to come. The expected benefits from the human genome project and genomics technologies are fascinating and hold the ace for improving the standards of living of the African people. However, these expectations are futuristic, time-dependent and capital intensive. They require commitments of national governments to policy re-orientation about research and development, strategic planning, resource mobilization, priority setting; and establishing, promoting and sustaining enabling environments for scientific and technological breakthrough. No doubt, there is dire need for assistance from the developed and the frontline developing nations in this regard. However, great initiatives and deep commitments to making significant scholarly contributions to the advancement of biotechnology and its potentials in the near future must come from within. Background The Human Genome Project, straddling the close of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st centuries, is at the threshold of changing human thinking both in the way we look at the past and in the way we view the future. Genomics has the potential to unravel the mystery of past existence, modify our understanding of present events and re- direct our focus on things that enhance the future good of humanity. Though its applications and uses appear to be more direct to medicine and human health, it has the potential to transform human civilization beyond the confines of biomedicine. The discovery of antibiotics in the early part of the last century marked the beginning of the march towards the conquest of infectious diseases resulting in total eradication of some and complete control of others, especially in the developed world. Genomics is to this century what infectious disease and discovery of antibiotics were to the last.1

Africa must come on board the genomics bandwagon