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Background Patients with schizophrenia and chronic substance abusers often display deficits in working memory function linked to prefrontal cortical dysfunction. Cortical dopamine transmission strongly influences the efficiency of capacity-constrained prefrontal activity. A recent fMRI study showed that amphetamine modulates cortical processing in line with an inverted-U type dose-response function. Repeated intermittent exposure to amphetamine in primates has been shown to result in augmentation of the behavioural response elicited by the drug (eg: hyperlocomotion) known as sensitisation. Chronic treatment produces cognitive deficits similar to those observed in clinical populations and sensitisation is a well established animal model of behavioural and neurochemical aspects of schizophrenia. In this study we use fMRI to examine the behavioural consequences and neural correlates of working memory function in healthy volunteers displaying behavioural sensitisation.

The neurofunctional consequences of amphetamine sensitisation on human working memory function – an fMRI investigation