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Background The role of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I supertypes in controlling human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection in Chinese has not been established. The aim of this study is to examine the frequency of HLA-A and HLA-B alleles and supertypes of 222 HIV-1 infected former plasma donors in central China and to investigate their impact on HIV-1 viral control. Methods HLA-A and HLA-B alleles were genotyped with PCR-SSP and sequence-based typing assay to four-digit resolution. The HLA alleles were classified functionally to 4 HLA-A supertypes and 6 HLA-B supertypes according to their shared peptide binding properties. Plasma viral load was determined using the Roche Amplicor ultrasensitive assay which has a lower detection limit of 50 copies HIV-1 RNA per ml. Results HLA-A03 supertypes(A03s) and HLA-B62 supertypes (B62s) were associated with lower viral load (P=0.0206, P=0.0483), whereas HLA- A24 supertypes(A24s) appeared to have an association with higher viral load (P=0.0483). There was ah ighly significant correlation between the genotypic supertypes(GS) and viral load (Kendall’s tau b = 0.180, P=0.000). The median viral load was lower among A*3001(P=0.0139), A*1101(P=0.0096), B*5101(P=0.0025), B*3501(P=0.0091) or B*4601(P=0.001) carriers and higher in A*2301(P=0.0106) carriers. Conclusion

Human leukocyte antigen class I supertypes and viral control in HIV-1 infected former plasma donors from China