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Background In the acute phase of HIV infection, following mucosal transmission, the bulk of HIV replication occurs in Peyer's patches and mesenteric lymph nodes. Concurrently, HIV mediates a massive depletion of lamina propria CD4+ T cells. Integrin α4β7 (α4β7) facilitates the migration of lymphocytes from gut inductive sites (Peyer's patches and mesenteric lymph nodes) to the lamina propria. Thus α4β7 is functionally linked to the major sites of HIV replication and CD4+ T cell depletion during acute infection. It is in this context that we described a specific biochemical interaction between the HIV-1 envelope protein gp120 and α4β7 on CD4+ T cells. The explicit linkage between α4β7 and the major sites of HIV replication following mucosal transmission suggests that this interaction plays an important role at an early phase in the HIV infection cycle during sexual transmission.

retrovirology

P07-01. The gut mucosal homing receptor integrin α4β7 forms a complex with CD4 and defines a T cell subset that is highly susceptible to infection by HIV-1