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Results Comparing infected and non-infected cells we have revealed differential expression of several host MIRs, as well as the increased expression of some predicted viral MIRs. Several of the upregulated host MIRs have binding sites on 3' UTRs of mRNAs that play a central role in HIV infection and its life cycle. Experiments are underway to determine the role of these MIRs in the regulation of the predicted target genes and thus their involvement in viral infection. Some of the virally encoded MIRs are associated with genes known to play a central role in viral replication and latncy, and are therefore under intense study.

Virus and Host Encoded microRNAs – A Major Role in Controling HIV Infection?