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Objectives  We previously reported a correlation between levels of microparticles carrying CD31 (PMP  CD31+ ) and disease activity in MS. However, the effects of long term (12 month) treatment with high dose, high frequency interferon-β1a (Rebif™) on plasma levels of PMP CD31+ , PMP CD146+ , and PMP CD54+  and MRI measures of disease activity have not yet been assessed.    Methods  During this prospective 1-year study, we used flow cytometry to measure changes in plasma microparticles (PMP) bearing CD31 (PMP CD31+ ), CD146 (PMP CD146+ ), and CD54/ICAM-1 (PMP CD54+ ) in 16 consecutive patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) before and after 3, 6, and 12 months of subcutaneous therapy with interferon-beta1a (44 micrograms, 3X weekly). At each visit, clinical exams and expanded disability status scale (EDSS) scores were recorded.    Results  Plasma levels of PMP CD31+ , and PMP CD54+  were significantly reduced by treatment with IFN-β1a. PMP CD146+  appeared to decrease only at 3 months and did not persist at 6 and 12 months (p = 0.0511). In addition, the decrease in plasma levels of PMP CD31+  and PMP CD54+  levels at 12 months were associated with a significant decrease in the number and volume of contrast enhancing T1-weigthed lesions.    Conclusion  Our data suggest that serial measurement of plasma microparticles (PMP), particularly in the initial stages of MS (when neuro-inflammatory cascades are more intense), may serve as reliable and reproducible surrogate markers of response to IFN-β1a therapy for MS. In addition, the progressive decline in plasma levels of PMP CD31+  and PMP CD54+  further supports the concept that IFN-β1a exerts stabilizing effect on the cerebral endothelial cells during pathogenesis of MS.

The effects of high dose interferon-β1a on plasma microparticles: Correlation with MRI parameters