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Methods At the Vancouver site of the CHILD study, we reviewed and compared current topical anesthetic creams used for pediatric venipuncture, specifically Ametop Gel (tetracaine hyrdrochloride gel 4%) versus EMLA (eutectic mixture of lidocaine 2.5% and prilocaine 2.5%). We conducted regular in-service training to ensure all members of the study team were informed and educated in understanding the importance of collecting the blood sample and dealing with pediatric populations at different developmental stages. Training also addressed parental anxiety related to the procedure and strategies to establish rapport and trust were shared. Finally, we developed a repertoire of comfort and distraction techniques to support the child, the parent, and the phlebotomist. We used quantitative and qualitative approaches to assess outcomes, including the number of blood samples successfully collected at the 1 and 5 year clinic visits and analysis of responses to our parent satisfaction survey evaluating perceptions of the venipuncture procedure.

Optimizing pediatric venipuncture: ensuring successful blood sample collection with minimal stress and pain