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Fabrication of three-dimensional TiO 2  films on Ti substrates is one important strategy to obtain efficient electrodes for energy conversion and environmental applications. In this work, we found that hierarchical porous TiO 2  film can be prepared by treating H 2 O 2  pre-oxidized Ti substrate in TiCl 3  solution followed by calcinations. The formation process is a combination of the corrosion of Ti substrate and the oxidation hydrolysis of TiCl 3 . According to the characterizations by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), the anatase phase TiO 2  films show porous morphology with the smallest diameter of 20 nm and possess enhanced optical absorption properties. Using the porous film as a working electrode, we found that it displays efficient activity for photoelectrocatalytic decolorization of rhodamine B (RhB) and photocurrent generation, with a photocurrent density as high as 1.2 mA/cm 2 . It represents a potential method to fabricate large-area nanoporous TiO 2  film on Ti substrate due to the scalability of such chemical oxidation process.

Large-scale preparation of nanoporous TiO2 film on titanium substrate with improved photoelectrochemical performance