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Purpose—The purpose of this study was to (1) develop a high resolution 3T MRA technique with in-plane resolution approximate to that of MDCT and a voxel size of 0.35 × 0.35 × 1.5 mm 3 and to (2) investigate the image quality of this technique in healthy subjects and preliminarily in patients with known coronary artery disease (CAD). Materials and Methods—A 3T coronary MRA technique optimized for an image acquisition voxel as small as 0.35 × 0.35 × 1.5mm 3 (HRC) was implemented and the coronary arteries of twenty two subjects were imaged. These included 11 healthy subjects (average age 28.5 years old, five males) and 11 subjects (average age 52.9 years old, five females) with CAD as identified on multidetector coronary computed tomography (MDCT). Additionally, the 11 healthy subjects were imaged using a method with a more common spatial resolution of 0.7×1×3 mm 3 (RRC). Qualitative and quantitative comparisons were made between the two MRA techniques. Results—Normal vessels and CAD lesions were successfully depicted at 350×350μm 2 in-plane resolution with adequate signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR). The CAD findings were consistent among MDCT and HRC. The HRC showed a 47% improvement in sharpness despite a reduction in SNR (reduced by 72%) and CNR (reduced by 86%) compared to the RRC. Conclusion—This study, as a first step towards substantial improvement in the resolution of coronary MRA, demonstrates the feasibility of obtaining at 3T a spatial resolution that approximates that of MDCT. The acquisition in-plane pixel dimensions are as small as 350μm × 350μm with a 1.5 mm slice thickness. While SNR is lower, the images have improved sharpness resulting in image quality that allowed qualitative identification of disease sites on MRA consistent with MDCT.

The feasibility of 350 micron spatial resolution coronary MRA at 3T in humans