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Background Chemotherapy and vaccination with tumor-loaded dendritic cells (DCs) show poor impact on overall survival (OS) in metastatic melanoma. Ipilimumab (IPI) improves OS throughout the blockade of CTLA4-mediated inhibitory signals in T-cells and restores the efficiency of the antigenic cross-priming by mature (m) DCs. However, variation of immune cells to evaluate the response to IPI does not reflect the T-cell activation and is a modest predictor of clinical response. Recent studies in human and experimental melanoma demonstrated that mDCs release endomysial microvescicles namely dexosomes (Dex) showing a functional anti-melanoma activity as well as an antigenic profile resembling that of circulating mDCs including CD40, CD80 and CD86 co-stimulatory molecules. This research is aimed to identify an early biomarker of T-cell activation for predicting the clinical response in IPItreated melanoma patients.

Dendritic cell-derived exosomes (Dex) are potential biomarkers of response to Ipilimumab in metastatic melanoma