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Background  Interleukin (IL)-18 is an important regulator of innate and acquired immune responses and has multiple roles in chronic inflammation and autoimmune disorders. Obesity is characterized by low- grade chronic inflammation. IL-18 has been suggested as an adipogenic cytokine that is associated with excess adiposity. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationship between  IL-18  gene polymorphisms (−137 G/C and −607 C/A) and obesity.    Methods  All 680 subjects were genotyped for the polymorphisms of  IL-18  gene promoters (at positions −137 G/C and −607 C/A) using a polymerase chain reaction (271 cases with BMI ≥25 kg/m 2  and 409 controls with BMI <25 kg/m 2 ). A chi-square test was used to compare the genotype and allele frequencies between the cases and control populations.    Results  Analyses of the genotype distributions revealed that  IL-18  –607 C/A polymorphism was associated with an increase in body mass index in obese women in the Korean population (chi(2) = 12.301,  df  = 2,  p  = 0.015).    Conclusion  Carriage of the A allele at position −607 in the promoter of the  IL-18  gene may have a role in the development of obesity.

Association of interleukin-18 gene polymorphism with body mass index in women