English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Background  Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a human epithelial tumour with high prevalence amongst Chinese in Southern China and South East Asia and is associated with the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). The viral genome harbours an oncogene, namely, the latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) gene and known variants such as the 30-bp deletion and loss of  Xho I restriction site have been found. Less is known about the relationship between these variants and the population characteristics and histological type.    Methods  In this study, the EBV LMP1 gene variants from 42 NPC and 10 non-malignant archived formalin fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues, as well as plasma from another 35 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma were determined by using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS programme.    Results  LMP1 30-bp deletion was detected in 19/34 (55.9%) of NPC tissues, 7/29 (24.1%) of plasma but absent in non-malignant tissues (8/8). Coexistence of variants with and without 30bp deletion was found only in 5/29 (17.2%) plasma samples but not in NPC tissues. The loss of  Xho I restriction site in LMP1 gene was found in 34/39 (87.2%) of the NPC tissues and 11/30 (36.7%) of plasma samples. None of the non-malignant nasopharyngeal tissues (8/8) harbour  Xho I-loss variants. LMP1 30-bp deletion was detected in 16/18 Chinese versus 3/15 Malays and 13/16 type III (undifferentiated carcinoma) versus 1/6 type I (keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma).  Xho I-loss was found in 19/19 Chinese versus 14/19 Malays and 18/18 type III (undifferentiated) versus 2/5 type I (keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma). Statistical analysis showed that these variants were associated with ethnic race (30-bp deletion,  p  < 0.05;  Xho I-loss,  p  = 0.046) and histological type of NPC (30-bp deletion,  p  = 0.011;  Xho I-loss,  p  = 0.006). Nineteen out of 32 NPC tissues (19/32; 59.4%) and 6/24 (25%) of plasma samples showed the coexistence of both the 30-bp deletion and the loss of  Xho I restriction site. A significant relationship was found with the Chinese race but not histological type.    Conclusion  The incidence rate of 56% for LMP1 30-bp deletion was lower compared to previously reported rates of 75–100% in NPC tissues. Coexistence of variants with and without 30-bp deletion was found only in 5/29 plasma samples. The incidence rate of  Xho I restriction site loss in NPC was comparable to other studies from endemic regions such as Southern China. For the first time, the presence of LMP1 30-bp deletion or  Xho I-loss was associated with the Chinese race and type III NPC. Both these variants were not found in non-malignant tissues. The influence of these variants on disease progression and outcome in Chinese and type III NPC requires further investigation.

Epstein-Barr virus latent membrane protein-1 (LMP-1) 30-bp deletion and Xho I-loss is associated with type III nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Malaysia