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Background   Shigella flexneri  is a gram-negative, facultative pathogen that causes the majority of communicable bacterial dysenteries in developing countries. The virulence factors of  S. flexneri  have been shown to be produced at 37 degrees C but not at 30 degrees C. To discover potential, novel virulence-related proteins of  S. flexneri , we performed differential in-gel electrophoresis (DIGE) analysis to measure changes in the expression profile that are induced by a temperature increase.    Results  The ArgT protein was dramatically down-regulated at 37 degrees C. In contrast, the ArgT from the non-pathogenic  E. coli  did not show this differential expression as in  S. flexneri , which suggested that  argT  might be a potential anti-virulence gene. Competitive invasion assays in HeLa cells and in BALB/c mice with  argT  mutants were performed, and the results indicated that the over-expression of ArgT Y225D  would attenuate the virulence of  S. flexneri . A comparative proteomic analysis was subsequently performed to investigate the effects of ArgT in  S. flexneri  at the molecular level. We show that HtrA is differentially expressed among different derivative strains.    Conclusion  Gene  argT  is a novel anti-virulence gene that may interfere with the virulence of  S. flexneri  via the transport of specific amino acids or by affecting the expression of the virulence factor, HtrA.

A novel anti-virulence gene revealed by proteomic analysis in Shigella flexneri 2a