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Background  The  CYP7A1  gene polymorphism has been reported to be associated with gallbladder stone disease (GSD) and serum lipid levels, but the results were inconsistent. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the influence of the -204A > C polymorphism in the promoter of  CYP7A1  gene on the GSD and serum lipid levels.    Methods  According to inclusion/exclusion criteria, eligible studies on  CYP7A1  gene -204A > C polymorphism of serum lipid levels and the risk of GSD were retrieved. Depending on the between-study heterogeneity, the fixed- or random-effects model was applied, and the data were analyzed using the RevMan software (V5.2).    Results  Five studies totaling 830 GSD patients and 882 healthy controls were used to evaluate the relation of  CYP7A1  -204A > C polymorphism with GSD. Overall comparison of alleles A with C in all study population yielded 5% but non-significant increased risk of GSD (OR = 1.05, 95% CI: 0.91 − 1.22, P = 0.48). Subgroup analysis by ethnic differences did not show any association between  CYP7A1  -204A > C polymorphism and GSD either. Four studies totaling 802 cases and 691 controls were used to assess the relation of  CYP7A1  -204A > C polymorphism with serum lipid levels. All the subjects were from the Asian population. The pooled effects indicated that AC genotype had higher levels of TG than AA (MD = -0.42, 95% CI: -0.76 − -0.08, P = 0.01). CC genotype in cases had higher levels of TC (MD = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.25 − 1.05, P = 0.001) and LDL-C (MD = 0.40, 95% CI: 0.06 − 0.73, P = 0.02) than AA, AA (MD = -0.35, 95% CI: -0.60 − -0.10, P = 0.007) and AC (MD = −0.35, 95% CI: -0.61 − -0.08, P = 0.01) genotypes in controls had higher levels of TC than CC, and AA genotype in controls had higher levels of HDL-C than CC (MD = -0.15, 95% CI: -0.21 − -0.09, P < 0.00001).    Conclusions  The  CYP7A1  -204A > C polymorphism is significantly associated with serum lipid levels in Asian population, but not gallbladder stone disease.    Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1476-511X-13-126) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Relationship between CYP7A1 -204A > C polymorphism with gallbladder stone disease and serum lipid levels: a meta-analysis