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Background  The rs17145738 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) near MLX interacting protein-like/transducin (beta)-like 2 (MLXIPL/TBL2) loci is associated with serum lipid levels, but the results are inconsistent in diverse ethnic/racial groups. The current study was to investigate the association of  MLXIPL/TBL2  rs17145738 SNP and several environmental factors with serum lipid profiles in the Guangxi Mulao and Han populations.    Methods  A total of 649 subjects of Mulao nationality and 712 participants of Han nationality aged 16–84 years were randomly selected from our previous stratified randomized samples. Genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism combined with gel electrophoresis, and then confirmed by direct sequencing.    Results  Serum apolipoprotein (Apo) B levels were higher in Mulao than in Han ( P  < 0.001). There were no significant differences in the genotypic and allelic frequencies of the  MLXIPL/TBL2  rs17145738 SNP between the two ethnic groups or between males and females. The T allele carriers had higher triglyceride (TG) and ApoB levels in Mulao, and higher total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels in Han than the T allele non-carriers ( P  < 0.05 for all). Subgroup analyses showed that the T allele carriers had higher ApoB levels in both Mulao and Han females than the T allele non-carriers, but the T allele carriers had lower ApoB levels in Han males than the T allele non-carriers ( P  < 0.05, respectively). The T allele carriers in Han had higher TC, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels and ApoA1/ApoB ratio and lower TG levels in males, and higher LDL-C levels and lower ApoA1/ApoB ratio in females than the T allele non-carriers ( P  < 0.05 for all). Serum TC levels in the combined population of the two ethnic groups and in Han, and HDL-C levels in Han males were correlated with genotypes ( P  < 0.05 for all). Serum lipid parameters were also correlated with several environmental factors ( P  < 0.05-0.01).    Conclusions  The association of  MLXIPL/TBL2  rs17145738 SNP and serum lipid profiles is different between the Mulao and Han populations. There is a sex-specific association in the both ethnic groups.

Association of the MLXIPL/TBL2 rs17145738 SNP and serum lipid levels in the Guangxi Mulao and Han populations