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Background  An overdose of the acetaminophen causes liver injury. This study aims to examine the anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory effects of  Aloe vera  in mice with acetaminophen induced hepatitis.    Methods  Male mice were randomly divided into three groups (n = 8 each). Control group were given orally distilled water (DW). APAP group were given orally N-acetyl-P-aminophenol (APAP) 400 mg/kg suspended in DW.  Aloe vera -treated group were given orally APAP and  Aloe vera  (150 mg/kg) suspended in DW. Twenty-four hours later, the liver was removed to determine hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA), hepatic glutathione (GSH), the number of interleukin (IL)-12 and IL-18 positive stained cells (%) by immunohistochemistry method, and histopathological examination. Then, the serum was collected to determine transaminase (ALT).    Results  In APAP group, ALT, hepatic MDA and the number of IL-12 and IL-18 positive stained cells were significantly increased when compared to control group (1210.50 ± 533.86  vs  85.28 ± 28.27 U/L, 3.60 ± 1.50  vs  1.38 ± 0.15 nmol/mg protein, 12.18 ± 1.10  vs  1.84 ± 1.29%, and 13.26 ± 0.90  vs  2.54 ± 1.29%,  P  = 0.000, respectively), whereas hepatic GSH was significantly decreased when compared to control group (5.98 ± 0.30  vs  11.65 ± 0.43 nmol/mg protein,  P  = 0.000). The mean level of ALT, hepatic MDA, the number of IL-12 and IL-18 positive stained cells, and hepatic GSH in  Aloe vera -treated group were improved as compared with APAP group (606.38 ± 495.45  vs  1210.50 ± 533.86 U/L,  P  = 0.024; 1.49 ± 0.64  vs  3.60 ± 1.50 nmol/mg protein,  P  = 0.001; 5.56 ± 1.25  vs  12.18 ± 1.10%,  P  = 0.000; 6.23 ± 0.94  vs  13.26 ± 0.90%,  P  = 0.000; and 10.02 ± 0.20  vs  5.98 ± 0.30 nmol/mg protein,  P  = 0.000, respectively). Moreover, in the APAP group, the liver showed extensive hemorrhagic hepatic necrosis at all zones while in  Aloe vera -treated group, the liver architecture was improved histopathology.    Conclusions  APAP overdose can cause liver injury. Our result indicate that  Aloe vera  attenuate APAP-induced hepatitis through the improvement of liver histopathology by decreased oxidative stress, reduced liver injury, and restored hepatic GSH.

Aloe vera attenuated liver injury in mice with acetaminophen-induced hepatitis