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Background  Emerging infectious diseases threaten naïve host populations with extinction. Chytridiomycosis, an emerging infectious disease of amphibians, is caused by the pathogenic fungus  Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis  ( Bd ) and has been linked to global declines in amphibians.    Results  We monitored the prevalence of  Bd  for four years in the Northern leopard frog,  Rana pipiens , which is critically imperiled in British Columbia (BC), Canada. The prevalence of  Bd  initially increased and then remained constant over the last three years of the study. Young of the year emerging from breeding ponds in summer were rarely infected with  Bd . Some individuals cleared their  Bd  infections and the return rate between infected and uninfected individuals was not significantly different.    Conclusions  The BC population of  R. pipiens  appears to have evolved a level of resistance that allows it to co-exist with  Bd . However, this small population of  R. pipiens  remains vulnerable to extinction.

Prevalence of the pathogenic chytrid fungus, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, in an endangered population of northern leopard frogs, Rana pipiens