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Background  Anorexia nervosa (AN) is associated with high rates of chronicity and relapse risk is a considerable therapeutic challenge in the disorder. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association of stages of change and outcome with a focus on the relapse struggle in the maintenance stage in patients with predominantly chronic AN. Further, therapeutic alliance and stages of change associations were explored.    Methods  As an instrument measuring relapse struggle in the maintenance stage, we applied the short form of the University of Rhode Island Change Assessment-Short (URICA-S). We assessed stages of change in 39 patients with a predominantly chronic course of AN in early, middle, and late stages of inpatient psychotherapy. General symptom severity as assessed by the SCL-90-R and weight change were investigated as outcome measures.    Results  In-line with earlier evidence,  contemplation  significantly predicted therapeutic alliance. Further, we demonstrated that relapse risk as operationalized by URICA-S  maintenance  is an important predictor of general psychopathology. BMI change was not predicted by stages of change.    Conclusions  The URICA-S  maintenance  scale might be applied to help identify patients at relapse risk. High URICA-S maintenance scores could be considered as one critical aspect of AN patients who might especially benefit from relapse-preventing aftercare programs.

Stages of change, treatment outcome and therapeutic alliance in adult inpatients with chronic anorexia nervosa