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Background  Peak oxygen uptake (VO 2peak ) is a strong predictor of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality, but is inadequately described in patients with schizophrenia. The aim of this study was to evaluate treadmill VO 2peak , CVD risk factors and quality of life (QOL) in patients with schizophrenia (ICD-10, F20-29).    Methods  33 patients, 22 men (33.7 ± 10.4 years) and 11 women (35.9 ± 11.5 years), were included. Patients VO 2peak  were compared with normative VO 2peak  in healthy individuals from the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT). Risk factors were compared above and below the VO 2peak  thresholds; 44.2 and 35.1 ml·kg -1 ·min -1  in men and women, respectively.    Results  VO 2peak  was 37.1 ± 9.2 ml·kg -1 ·min -1  in men with schizophrenia; 74 ± 19% of normative healthy men (p < 0.001). VO 2peak  was 35.6 ± 10.7 ml·kg -1 ·min -1  in women with schizophrenia; 89 ± 25% of normative healthy women (n.s.). Based on odds ratio patients were 28.3 (95% CI = 1.6-505.6) times more likely to have one or more CVD risk factors if they were below the VO 2peak  thresholds. VO 2peak  correlated with the SF-36 physical functioning (r = 0.58), general health (r = 0.53), vitality (r = 0.47), social function (r = 0.41) and physical component score (r = 0.51).    Conclusion  Men with schizophrenia have lower VO 2peak  than the general population. Patients with the lowest VO 2peak  have higher odds of having one or more risk factors for cardiovascular disease. VO 2peak  should be regarded as least as important as the conventional risk factors for CVD and evaluation of VO 2peak  should be incorporated in clinical practice.

Reduced peak oxygen uptake and implications for cardiovascular health and quality of life in patients with schizophrenia