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Background  We have previously shown that a functional polymorphism of the  UGT2B15  gene (rs1902023) was associated with increased risk of prostate cancer (PC). Novel functional polymorphisms of the  UGT2B17  and  UGT2B15  genes have been recently characterized by  in vitro  assays but have not been evaluated in epidemiologic studies.    Methods  Fifteen functional SNPs of the  UGT2B17  and  UGT2B15  genes, including  cis -acting  UGT2B  gene SNPs, were genotyped in African American and Caucasian men (233 PC cases and 342 controls). Regression models were used to analyze the association between SNPs and PC risk.    Results  After adjusting for race, age and BMI, we found that six  UGT2B15  SNPs (rs4148269, rs3100, rs9994887, rs13112099, rs7686914 and rs7696472) were associated with an increased risk of PC in log-additive models (p < 0.05). A SNP  cis -acting on  UGT2B17  and  UGT2B15  expression (rs17147338) was also associated with increased risk of prostate cancer (OR = 1.65, 95% CI = 1.00-2.70); while a stronger association among men with high Gleason sum was observed for SNPs rs4148269 and rs3100.    Conclusions  Although small sample size limits inference, we report novel associations between  UGT2B15  and  UGT2B17  variants and PC risk. These associations with PC risk in men with high Gleason sum, more frequently found in African American men, support the relevance of genetic differences in the androgen metabolism pathway, which could explain, in part, the high incidence of PC among African American men. Larger studies are required.

Novel associations of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B gene variants with prostate cancer risk in a multiethnic study